TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣
TOP湯加潘加是哪個國家貨幣,TOP湯加潘加是什么貨幣?TOP是指湯加潘加,TOP是湯加潘加的英文簡寫,英文全稱是Tongan-pa'anga,TOP湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的本土貨幣。湯加潘加(Tongan-pa'anga)標準符號:TOP,貨幣原有舊符號:(T$ (sometimes PT)),輔幣進位制:1/100 seniti。
湯加潘加(Tongan pa'anga/Tonga Pa'anga/Tonga pa?anga (Tongan) 標準符號:TOP)
目錄
|
湯加潘加簡介
ISO 4217 Code:TOP
User(s):Tonga
Inflation:11.1%
Source:The World Factbook, 2005 est.
Superunit:100 hau
Subunit:1/100 seniti
Symbol:T$ (sometimes PT)
seniti:¢
Coins:
Freq. used:5¢, 10¢, 20¢, 50¢
Rarely used:1¢, 2¢
Banknotes:T$1, T$2, T$5, T$10, T$20, T$50
Central bank:National Reserve Bank of Tonga
Website:http://www.reservebank.to
The pa?anga is the currency of the Kingdom of Tonga. It is controlled by National Reserve Bank of Tonga (Pangikē Pule Fakafonua ?o Tonga) in Nuku?alofa. The pa?anga is not convertible and is pegged to a basket of currencies comprising the Australian, New Zealand, and United States dollars and the Japanese yen.
One pa?anga equals one hundred seniti, the ISO code is TOP and the usual abbreviation is T$ (¢ for seniti). In Tonga the pa?anga is often referred to in English just as dollar and the seniti as cent. There is also the unit of hau (1 hau = 100 pa?anga), but this is not used in every day life and can only be found on commemorative coins of higher denominations.
Etymology
Entada scandens, native name pa?anga, is a bean-like vine producing large pods with large reddish brown seeds. The seeds are roundish, up to 5 cm diameter and 1 or 2 cm thick. When strung together they are used as anklets, part of the kailao dance costume. They were also used as playing pieces in an ancient disc-throwing game, lafo.
On 1 December 1806 Tongans attacked the passing ship Port-au-Prince in order to take it over. They failed, as the crew sank the vessel. The chief of Ha?apai, Fīnau ?Ulukālala, resorted to the next plan, plunder what ever was worthwhile. On his inspection tour he found the ship's cash. Not knowing what money was he considered the coins as pa?anga. Finally, not seeing anything of value, he ordered the remains of the ship to be burned. It was much later that William Mariner, the only survivor of this attack, told him that those pieces of metal were of great value and not merely playing stones.
When Tonga introduced decimal currency, it decided not to call the main unit the dollar because the native word, tola, translated into a pig's snout, the soft end of a coconut, or, in vulgar language, a mouth. Pa'anga, on the other hand, translated into money.
Mariner also passed down the following statement of Fīnau ?Ulukālala:
If money were made of iron and could be converted into knives, axes and chisels there would be some sense in placing a value on it; but as it is, I see none. If a man has more yams than he wants, let him exchange some of them away for pork. [...] Certainly money is much handier and more convenient but then, as it will not spoil by being kept, people will store it up instead of sharing it out as a chief ought to do, and thus become selfish. [...] I understand now very well what it is that makes the papālangi [white men] so selfish — it is this money!
History
The pa?anga was introduced on 3 April 1967. It replaced the pound at a rate of 1 pound = 2 pa?anga. Until 11 February 1991 the pa'anga was pegged to the Australian dollar at par. Since that time a basket of currencies is taken (see above), and the pa?anga has continuously declined. As in 2006, one needs about T$1.60 to get 1 Australian dollar. Official exchange rates are released daily by the National Reserve Bank, established 1 July 1989, but rather towards the end of the day than early in the morning. In practice, it seems, that the real exchange rate is rather determined by the fancy of the higher echelons than the basket.
Coins
Coins come in denominations of one, two, five, ten, twenty and fifty seniti. Most coins feature the king in military uniform in front looking forwards and the writing Fakalahi me?akai (Tongan, "Grow more food") with a food plant in the back. A specialty is the dodecagonal 50¢ coin (all other coins are round). The one and two seniti coins are becoming less common nowadays, as they loose value due to a yearly inflation of about 10%, and are only readily available for some months after a release by the bank. Total prices in shops are usually rounded to the nearest 5 or 10 seniti. Some shops believing that to round means always to round up.
In former times there were also some T$1,T$2 and T$3 coins circulating, but these are now considered to be collector's items.
As late as 1967 (she died in 1965) Queen Salote Tupou III looking to the right, appeared on the coins instead of the current king, who, on the coins before 1980, was looking to the left.
Banknotes
Bank notes come in denominations of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 pa?anga. The latter was introduced around 1990. The turquoise, half pa?anga note, featuring copra making on the back, was discontinued around 1980.
The obverse of the notes is held in Tongan language and shows the portrait of King Taufa'ahau Tupou IV. The reverse is in English language and shows typical motives and landmarks of Tonga: the Ha?amonga ?a Maui Trilithon, the royal palace, the Tongan Development Bank, the Port of Vava?u (twice, once as it was around 1900, and the other contemporary), and ngatu making.
中文翻譯
SO 4217代碼:頂部。
用戶:湯加。
通貨膨脹率:11.1%。
資料來源:The World Factbook,2005 Est.。
超級單元:100座。
子單位:1/100老年人。
符號:T$(有時為PT)。
資歷:
硬幣:
弗雷克。
使用:5分、10分、20分、50分。
很少使用:1美分、2美分。
紙幣:新臺幣1元、2元、5元、10元、20元、50元。
中央銀行:湯加國家儲備銀行。
網址:http://www.reservebank.to。
帕納加是湯加王國的貨幣。
它由努庫阿洛法的湯加國家儲備銀行(PangkēPule Fakafonua?o Thoma)控制。
澳大利亞是不可兌換的,它與一籃子貨幣掛鉤,包括澳元、新西蘭元、美元和日元。
1 pa?anga等于100 seniti,ISO代碼是top,通常的縮寫是T$(sen代表seniti)。
在湯加語中,pa?anga在英語中常常被稱為美元,而seniti則被稱為美分。
也有Hau(1 hau=100 pa?anga)的單位,但這并不是日常生活中使用的單位,只有更高面額的紀念幣才能找到。
詞源學。
Entada scobens,原名pa?anga,是一種豆狀藤本植物,結大豆莢,結大的紅棕色種子。
種子呈圓形,直徑可達5厘米,厚1或2厘米。
當它們串在一起時,就被用作腳鐲,這是凱佬舞服裝的一部分。
它們也被用作古代扔碟子游戲Lafo的棋子。
1806年12月1日,通甘人襲擊了過往船只太子港,企圖接管該船。
他們失敗了,因為船員們沉沒了船。
Ha?Apai的首領Fīnau?ulukālala采取了下一個計劃,掠奪一切有價值的東西。
在巡視時,他發現了船上的現金。
由于不知道是多少錢,他把這些硬幣當成了硬幣。
最后,由于沒有發現任何有價值的東西,他下令焚燒這艘船的殘骸。
很久以后,威廉·水手,這次襲擊的唯一幸存者,告訴他那些金屬碎片非常有價值,不僅僅是玩石頭。
當湯加引入十進制貨幣時,它決定不將主要單位稱為美元,因為當地的單詞Tola被翻譯成豬的鼻子,椰子的軟端,在粗俗的語言中是嘴。
另一方面,帕安加則轉化為金錢。
水手還傳遞了Fīnau?ulukālala的以下聲明:
如果錢是鐵做的,可以轉換成刀、斧和鑿子,那么給它估價是有意義的;但事實是,我看不到任何東西。
如果一個人有比他想要的更多的山藥,讓他把其中的一些換成豬肉。
當然,錢要方便得多,也方便得多,但由于它不會被保存起來而變質,人們會把它儲存起來,而不是像酋長應該做的那樣分享,從而變得自私。
我現在很清楚是什么讓PAPā蘭吉[白人男子]如此自私--就是這筆錢!歷史。
《憲法》于1967年4月3日推出。
它以1磅=2磅的匯率取代了英鎊。
在1991年2月11日之前,帕安加一直按面值與澳元掛鉤。
從那時起,一籃子貨幣被采用(見上文),日元持續下跌。
和2006年一樣,1澳元大約需要1.6元新臺幣。
官方匯率由1989年7月1日成立的國家儲備銀行每天發布,但在當天接近尾聲時發布,而不是在清晨發布。
在實踐中,實際匯率似乎更多地是由更高階層的想象力決定的,而不是籃子。
錢幣。
硬幣有1、2、5、10、20和50美分的面額。
大多數硬幣都印有身穿軍裝的國王向前看,背面寫著Fakalahi Me?Akai(湯加語,“種植更多的食物”)和一種食物植物的圖案。
一種特產是十二角形50美分硬幣(所有其他硬幣都是圓形的)。
一元和二元硬幣現在變得越來越不常見,因為它們由于每年約10%的通貨膨脹率而貶值,而且只有在銀行發行后的幾個月里才能隨時買到。
商店的總價通常四舍五入到最接近的5或10個老人。
一些商店認為,圓整意味著總是四舍五入。
以前也有一些新臺幣1元、2元和3元的硬幣流通,但現在這些都被認為是收藏品。
直到1967年(她于1965年去世),薩洛特·圖普三世王后才出現在硬幣上,而不是現任國王,1980年之前,現任國王在硬幣上向左看。
鈔票。
紙幣有1、2、5、10、20和50帕的面額。
后者在1990年左右推出。
這種綠松石色的紙幣,背面印有制作椰子的圖案,大約在1980年停產。
紙幣的正面用湯加語書寫,顯示圖普四世國王的肖像。反面用英語顯示湯加的典型動機和地標:哈蒙加島、皇宮、湯加開發銀行、瓦瓦烏港(兩次,一次是1900年左右,另一次是當代的)和ngatu制造。
湯加潘加紙幣
湯加潘加1986年版面值20 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1986年版面值20 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1988年版面值50 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1988年版面值50 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1992年版面值1 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1992年版面值1 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1992年版面值2 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1992年版面值2 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1995年版面值1 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1995年版面值1 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1995年版面值2 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1995年版面值2 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1995年版面值5 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1995年版面值5 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1995年版面值10 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1995年版面值10 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加1995年版面值20 Pa'anga——正面 | 湯加潘加1995年版面值20 Pa'anga——反面 |
湯加潘加鑄幣
- 湯加潘加鑄幣
TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣
TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣發表于2023-03-20,由周林編輯,文章《TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣》由admin于2023年03月20日發布于本網,共7631個字,共5624人圍觀,目錄為貨幣百科,如果您還要了解相關內容敬請點擊下方標簽,便可快捷查找與文章《TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣》相關的內容。
版權聲明:
文章:(TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣),來源:湯加,閱讀原文。
TOP是什么貨幣,湯加潘加是大洋洲國家湯加的貨幣若有[原創]標注,均為本站原創文章,任何內容僅供學習參考,未經允許不得轉載,任何內容不得引用,文章若為轉載文章,請注明作者來源,本站僅為分享知識,不參與商業活動,若有侵權請聯系管理刪除